Measuring instrument.



PATENTED JUNE l2, 1906.

B. P. SASSAMAN.

MEASURING INSTRUMENT. APPLICATION FILED MAY 1. 1905.y

3 SHEETS-SHEET l.

II|I IUIIII IIIII Willy! ll'lll Illllll IIIIII lil'll lll-v ATTOR No.823,444. PATENTED JUNB12, 190e. B. F. SASSAMAN.

MBASURING INSTRUMENT.

APPLICATION FILED MAY l. 1905.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

ATTURNEVS No. 823,444. PA'IBNIED JUNI; 12, 1906.

B.. P. SASSAMAN.

MEASURING INSTRUMENT.

APPLICATION FILED MAY 1. 1905.

. ssnnn'rs-snnnfra.

l/f ,16 35 30 1J 5h14 10 WITNESSES: INVENTOH Q ATTORNEYS UNITEDv STATESPATENT dOFFICE.v

Speccation of Letters Patent.

Patented June 12, 1906.

Application filed May l, 1905. Serial No. 258.247.

To all whom t may concern,.-

Be it known that I, BENJAMIN F. SAssA- MAN, a citizen oi the UnitedStates, and a resident of Gibbstown, in the county of Gloucester andState of New Jersey, have invented a new and Improved MeasuringInstrument, of which the following is a Jfull, clear, and exactdescription.

My invention relates to measuring instruments, my more particular objectbeing to produce a square containing movable parts and which may be usedfor a great variety of purposes.

Reference is to be had to the accompanying drawings, forming a part ofthis specification, in which similar characters of reference indicatecorresponding parts in all the iigures.

Figure 1 is a plan view of a square arranged for ,general use, as aso-called T- square. Fig. 2 is an enlarged fragmentary section upon theline 2 2 of Fig. 1 looking toward the top of the figure and showing'thearrangement whereby certain parts are rendered movable relatively toeach other. Fig. 3 is an enlarged cross-section through the blade 10 andtaken upon the line 3 3 of Fig. 2 looking in the direction of the arrow.Fig. 4 is an enlarged inverted plan view ofthe blade and circular plateremoved from the head. Fig. 5 is a similar view showing the instrumentused as an ordinary depth-gage. Fig. 6 shows the instrument arranged foruse as a depth-gage when the part to be measured lies at an angle to theblade 10. Fig. 7. shows the blade and its mountings connected with anordinary steel square and used for purposes of a fence Fig. 8 is anenlarged section through the same upon the line 3 8 of Fig. 7 looking inthe direction ofthe arrow, and Fig. 9 shows the fence in use for markingthe board 37.

The blade is shown at 10 and is provided with graduations 11 12, ,thegraduations 11 being preferably quite ne and disposed upon abevel-surface 13, as indicated in Figs. 1 and 3. The blade 10 isprovided with a bearingcollar 14, connected rigidly therewith, andrevolubly mounted within this collar is a circular plate 15, providedwith an a erture 16, having the shape of a quarter-circ e-that is, ageneral fan shape. The circular plate 15 is bounded by a beveled edge17, which merges into an annular slot 20, this slot extending entirelyaround the circular plate. Secured within the bearing-collar 14 arescrews 18 each provided with a slotted head 19, whereby it may beturned. The bearing-collar 14 is beveled internally, so as to iit thebeveled edge 17 of the circle. The bearing-collar 14 is provided with aclearance-aperture 21 and with a revoluble screw 22, having a milledhead 23, adapted to engage the surface ofthe circular plate 15 and ofthe bearing-collar 14, as indicated in Fig. 2. The head of the square isshown at 24 and is provided with oppositelydisposed graduations 25 26and also provided with grooves 24rL 27, as indicated more particularlyin Fig. 1. The head 24 is provided with a comparatively long slot 28 andis further provided with a rounded portion 29 of a conformityapproximating the outer boundary of a quarter-circle. A pivot-pin 30passes through the circular plate 15 and through the head 24 and isengaged by a thumb-nut 31, as indicated in Fig. 2. The circular plate 15is provided with a number of equidistant graduations 15a, disposed, asshown, in the form of a semicircle and also with graduations 15b 15C ofdifferential size, also in the form of a semicircle. The bearing-collar14 is provided with an index-mark 15g, which may be brought intoregistry with somewhat similar marks 15d 15f upon the circular plate 15or with any of the graduations upon said circular plate. The index-mark15g upon the bearing-collar 14 is in alinement with one edge of theblade 10, as will be understood from Figs. 1 and 7. The under side ofthe circular plate 15 is provided with tongues 15h 15k, which are letinto the grooves 27 24a of the head 24, as indicated in Fig. 2, andextend practically across the entire width of the circular plate, asindicated in Fig, 4, so as to secure the bearing-collar 14 in irmengagement with the head 24, thereby preventing relative movementtherebetween.

The clamping-plate 32 is provided with upturned lugs 33 34 and isemployed when it is desired to discard the head 24 and insert insteadahead 35 of an ordinary square 36, as indicated in Fig. 7. Thesubstitution of the ordinary s uare for the head 24 is made, forinstance, w ere it is desirable to use them as a fence, as indicated inFig. 9. The fence is a composite structure consisting of a square or thelike and means for mounting the same, so as to hold the square atVdefinite angles. i To substitute the ordinary square for the head 24,the thumb-nut 31 is taken ofi, the head 24 is removed, theclamping-plate 32 is l placed in position, as indicated by dotted IOOTIO

lines in Fig. 7 and by full lines in Fig. 8, the lug 34 engaging thetongue 15h, and the head 35 of the ordinary square is insertedintermediate of' the lug 33 and the circular plate 15, after which thethumb-nut 3 1 is replaced upon the pivot-pin30 and secured tightly intoposition, so as to clamp the head 35 of the square rigidly in position.At 37 is a board illustrating the use of the fence. Either side of theordinary square may be seen by contrasting Figs. 7 and 9. The blade 10is moved along the under side of the board 37 and the head 35 and theblade oi the'ordinary square locate the proper position `for forming theline 38, which is made by the carpenters pencil in the usual manner. Thegraduations 15a represent the degrees of the circle. Hence when the head24 is stationary and the blade 10 is swung around to any desired anglethe number of degrees is indicated by these graduations. The graduationsupon the 'circular plate 15, taken together with the index-marks 15gupon the bearing-collar 14, to

gether constitute a protractor, which may be employed in a diversity ofpurposes.

The operation of my device is as follows: If it be desired to employ theinstrument as a T-square, the blade 10 is movable into the positionindicated in Fig. 1. The operator being able to see through the aperture16 can place a pencil-point directly against the edge of the head 24,andconsequently can have no trouble in using the square for any purposespeculiar to a T-square. ln this position the instrument can also be usedas try-square, or the blade 10 can be moved relatively to the head 24,as desired. lf the operator desires to determine the extent of a slantrelatively to a vertical line, he places either edge of the head 24against the line, and loosening the screw 23 he swings the blade 10 tothe proper inclination and then turns the head 24. He then notes thenumerals 2, 4, 6, i 8, Sac., which indicates the number oi' inches ofslant to the foot vertically. For instance, the numeral 4 would meanthat the line measured by the blade 10 inclines in a vertical space ofone foot a distance of four inches. Similar arrangements may be madefrom a horizontal line by placing the head 24 against said line andagain noting the measurement, but this time from the opposite end oi thedifferential scale-or group of graduations. As indicated in Fig. 5, theinstrument is used as a depth-gage. The operator grasps the blade 10Aand inserts a portion of the head 24 into the hole to be measured,noting the depth of the hole as indicated by the graduations. Ii,however, the hole lies at an angle relatively to the general length ofthe blade 10,w the head 24 is inclined as indicated in Fig. 6 and theninserted into the hole, its hepth deing noted, as above.

It is needless to relate the many uses and combination offuses to whichmy device is applicable, as these uses will readily suggest themselvesto persons skilled in this art.

Having thus described my invention, I claim as new and desire to secureby Letters Patent- 1. A measuring instrument, comprising a blade havingan annular bearing-collar provided with an index-mark, a circular platerotatably mounted within the bearing-collar and provided withgraduations, the plate having an angular aperture through whichobservations vmay be made, and downwardlyprojecting lugs spaced lapartand parallel with each other, a head having longitudinal grooves toreceive the lugs, means for fixing the circular plate with respect tothe head,

and means for fixing the blade with 'respect to the circular plate.

2. A measuring instrument comprising a blade having an annularbearing-collar provided with an index-mark, a circular plate rotatablymounted within the bearing-collar and provided with graduations, thecircular plate having an angular aperture through which observations maybe made, and downwardly-projecting lugs spaced apart and parallel witheach other, a head having longitudinal grooves to receive the lugs,means for fixing the circular plate with respect to the head, and aset-screw traversing the blade and having a head for engaging thecircular plate.

3. A measuring instrument comprising a blade having an annularbearing-collar, a circular plate rotatably mounted within thebearing-collar, the circular plate having an aperture through whichobservations may be made, and downwardly-proj ecting lugs spaced apartand parallel with each other, a head having llongitudinal grooves toreceive the lugs, means for fixing the circular plate with respect tothe blade, and means for fixing the head with respect to the circularplate.

4. A measuring instrument, comprising a blade having an annularbearing-collar, a circular plate rotatably mounted within thebearing-collar,the circular plate having downwardly-projecting lugsspaced apart and parallel with each other, a head having longitudinalgrooves to receive the lugs, means for fixing `the circular vplate withrespect tothe blade, and means for fixing the head with respect to thecircular plate.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification in thepresence of two subscribing witnesses.

BENJAMIN F. SASSAMAN.

'Witnesses Ci-rAs. P. MYERS, WILLIAM H. SI-IOEMAKER.

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